Variable-speed gearing



G. LINDEN AND A. G. HIER.

VARIABLE SPEED GEARING.A

l APPLICATION FILED JULY2, |918. 1,405,237., Patented Jan. 31,` 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

G. LINDN AND A. G.H1ER.

VARIABLE SPEED GEARING.

APPLICATION mio :uu/2. 1918.

1,405,237, Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

2 kSHEETS-SHEET 2.

varrangement which consists of several 1 with the gearing arrangement. i

UNITED STATES GUSTAE LTNDEN; or Nliss:r, 'ANDANDEEsieiTsTA-E HJEE, ESENGEN, SWEDENASSIGNOES. on QNETTHIEE To EETT; onor. eUsTiiEEUNDTN,y 'or .numri FEED, SWEDEN.,

i 5 VAE'TABEETSPEED' GEAEING.-

PATENT (oFFicE.

specieafidn of Letters latent? .Patented Qian.k sigieeaif f .Appncati'oii ined July 2, 1918.1` serial Naai-079, n f 1 (GRANTED NNDEE THE rncvisioNS or THE AcToE rumene, 1921, 41 STAT. T, 1313.), K'

To all whom t may concern Be itknown that we,.GUsTi1F LINDEN, a

Subject ofthe King of Sweden, residingr at Nyhem 25A, Nssj,giii the VKingdom of Sweden, and ANDERS GUSTAE HJER, asubject of theKing'of Sweden residingat sarngen, Nssj, in the `iniigfiom of Sweden, have invented certain new and useful Improvements ink Variable-Speed Gear`` ing, (for which I have led application in Sweden, Serial No. 717, March 10, 1917,) l

of which the following is a specification.

The present invention, refers toa gearing groups of gear wheels surrounded by, and engaging in, gear rims provided with interior teeth or cogs, eachof which groups can be separately braked, according asV one i or another gear is to be' connected or reversed. Y y. c

The purpose of the invention is, rstly,

to obtain a secure governing'ofthe gearv wheels and an easy and vquiet ruiming, in

- addition to 4security that the 7,cogsdo not bottom and break; secondly,that. the coupling 4andthe uncoupling of the various` toothed gears 'may takeplace` easily `and without noticeable transition; thirdlycthat all disturbingnoisesin Aunco'upling;may.'`

disappear, and, lastly, that the change may` takezplacesorapidly that therewill arise` no necessity for av slowing. down'of the run.- niiig of thermachinery whichA is connected niotorlcars and'such -like:'vehicles, where" it can'A replace, to the greatest advantage, the.

gearing arrangements "hitherto employedr i which, as fai" asthe aims mentioned above are concerned, are defective to a greaterorless degree. c, i

Our vinvention .relates morey particularlyI to means for operating band-brakes adapted to control la 'series of gears whereby' motion is transmittedfrom a. driving to va Idriven.

and adapted to tighten each'pair iii suc cession, and preferably to provide, between the operation of each pairof bands, positions I ,in which lall the bands' are released, .'These othercbJects of our inventioiiwill be more,

clearly understood; .from the followingdei scription taken in conipanying drawing.

arrangement seen ifrom 4tlie side, partly in .connectionA with the' acf The appended drawing .shows an section, andflfig. 2 shows the same seen fromVV one end. Figs. 36 .illustrate-those y parts.

of the brakingarrangement whichvcorre.-

spond to thediiierent gearings and {thej re:-

x1 and2 aretwo l* each other, of which 1 risjtak'en. asnbeing the driving shaft,and 2 the driven one. Onithe`v shaft 1 there is fastened a row fof tooth Wheels 3, 4 and 5, ofdiflj'erent dimensions .fon

obtaining different` speeds -in one direction,

and a tooth wheel v6.V forA reversing. HAround each of the tooth .wheels8,11y andthlefare arranged, at equal angular distancesifromr each other, ,three drivers Tor pinions 7,{8 1 and,-

9 respectively, of equal-size, which arercarvr ried *byy ltlireefshafts10,.:.k The driyuers 7,8 l

and 49 form, consequently,` three groups with each group being of. different sizes.'v Around vthree drivers in eacli ,group, the/1 y wheels of@ the wheel '(i'pthere arejg.also.arrangedgftliieef drivers 11 whichieng'age three drivers ,f1-2

arranged outside the drivers [11.75l ,Ther` drivers. 11v and-1 2 kare l carried 'byftheir respective pins 13 and 145 which are rfastened l on a disc 15 `attached',tothel shafts-2,. I

pins 13 111 arey alsok fixed to ,afdi-sc-g1f8. lwhich is rotatable oirthe shaftvl. l O'ii the1 `disc 18 there are `fastened sliats.10, thel outerV ends of which are connected; with af.

disc Y19; which, too, iis. rotatableon, the` 1. -Thediscs 15,18 and-,19 thusf0rni'to.

the drivers sitting on Jthese` shafts,airigidf frame which isrnily attached tojthe shaft "y,

2 and ,takes party in therevolutions ofthe.

latter, while, on the other hand, thewheelsf 3, 1 aiid' ktorni a whole withtheshaft 1,

and `rotate with the latter. Furthei,1the

and 23 providedfwitliinterior tooth wheels-.f

by therespective drivers?, 8, Qland 12,. and are retained by these in 'a concentric position.

. 60 Y gearing and the coupling :in ofanother gear# or `the like,

In order to obtain a secure. governing and aneasy andquiet running, and in order to'v prevent the'teeth from bottoming in each other, all the tooth wheels, drivers and gear rimsare, in accordance with the invention, provided with contact surfaces,the position of lwhichis determined by the-pitch circles.

The surfaces of contact, which lare.prefer ably arranged on each side of the respective tooth-paths, but which can also be arranged within the said paths, i. e.y between the ends ofthelte'eth, Cain either be made inone piece with the tooth-wheels, etc., as shown in'l the drawing,

toothl Wheels. Y

' consequenceV ofthe'driving shaft being surrounded, in accordance with the above, by

three' groups of tooth wheels arranged at equalangular distances from each-other, the very essential advantage is gained that the rotation moment between `the shaftfand the tooth 'Wheels will be divided equally between cut dfo'wn' into veachfotlier "to: half4 theirY breadth, and aresov shaped that'they formY ears -provided with longitudinal, pvertieall is not drawn, together, and not'bef'o're the'V ears and, consequently, the grooves', have; beencarried some distance -past each other, Y

` Inorder to commun-iethree contacts or engagenients'instead of one, as is usually the case.V This results in a more'un'if'orm wear ofthe material, rand nosidepressure will arise inthe bearings.

According to the invention, there are arranged around theV cog-rims brake vbands 24,' 25, 26`-and 27, eachrof vwhich preferably' consistsof` two halves fastened -togetl'ier i at their lower parts by means of a common lowerv bearing or support, 228, Aand which, at their upper parts, can be drawn together around thegrespective gear rims. Both halves of each brake bandare, at their upper ends,

grooves, 30. VV'hen Ythe grooves in then two ears lie 'opposite' eachother, the brake band does-braking ensue.

n cate this movement to the ears', there are arranged `at each brake band two eceentrics or cams 31, shaped differently from'each other, which, co-operating each with its groove in the two ears, arel arrangedv at an angle' of 1800 to each other. The different Vpairsofl eccentrics are arrangedon a com# mon shaft 29 so that theyarerotated simultaneousl'y with each other', and they -are so adjusted in respect to each other'vthat, on a rotation of the shaft 29, veach one' in its turnV exercises a braking' influence on the four gear rims 20, 21, 22, 23. 'In considerationl Vof Ythe, fact that 'allthe gear rims must remain unbrakedA between the reversal ofone ing, the brakingorgan is so adjusted, that, in order to bring about the brakingthere is required, from the instant that this braking commences until the moment that it or else ean'consist of rims, arranged at the sides of theV attains its Vmaximum,a rotation less than oneeighth of a revolutiomv and, in order lto 'stop the braking action, a further rotation The/shaftv 1 receives its Vmovement .from

thetootli wheels-3,4, 5 and which are ar-V an'd,consequently, the eccentrics,1are so adf justedthat'no braking is exercised onl any of the gear rims, the tooth wheels 3, 4, 5 andk 6 will rotate the respective drivers, andthese, in their turn, will rotate the various gear rims. The gear rim 23 will, in'this process, andzin consequence ofthe double drivers, be

.the motor and carries with it, in its rotation,

[ranged on the said shaft. lf the'shaft giveny a' movement opposite t0 that of the a other riins, this being dependent on the va rying gearing conditions. If the shaftr29 4is rotated one-eighth of a revolution, one ofY the` gear rims is braked;-rim22 for example. As, however, thedrivers 49, which are in en.-k

are compelled to describe at the same time a circular movement, rolling on the inner side of the gear riniL 22.' Inthis movementthey carry with'th'em the whole of the connectedv system comprising the discs 15., 18 -and'19, andv the'shafts 10, 13 land 14, together withV the yshaft 2'which is connected with'the said system.l kThis'shaftis'rotateol in -the same direction as the'shaft 1 andat a speed which is, determined bythe gearing conditions, such speed, in: the present instance, being the lowest one. tated another one-eighth of a' revolution,the

gear rim 22 is released without'any of the other?" rims being braked, tlii-s'latter'action not taki'nzg place before la further rotation of ene- Y i e'ifghth-- of a'revolutionf :The gear rim is;

Vgagement therewith, continueto rotate, they- I'fithevshaft/29m ffu'rther rothen preferably braked fast to the nearest higher or lower .gearinglwhich is thereby.

coupled in. [The Vtransition from Atheone` gearing to a neighboring yone is,` therefore, carried out by retatiiig the shaft 29 only one fourth of a revolution. In .this process, consequently,'one isfable to all-ow the releaseof,

for example, thev gear rim 22, to beimrned-i-` ately followed `by the braking ofthe gear iis rim 21; VThe speed of .the yshaft 2 has not',l

consequently, had time to diminish as it has when the alteration of lspeed is carried out byI means of an ordinary gearing arrangement, but the shaft2 is brought gradually, and

without interruption, to the new speed in proportiony tothe increasing braking of the v gear 4rim 21.` InA this processthe transition` Viseasy and unnoticeable,` and there canY be no shaking of the Shaft on changing the speed. By a further rotation of the shaft 29 the other gearings are" coupled in and reacting oneach set of gears, said bands beingA fixed at one end, a rotatablel shaft extending through the free ends offsaid bands, and cams on said shaft for successively tightening said pairs of bands when said shaft is rotated in one'direction.'

2. In a variable speed gearing having a plurality of sets of gears, a brake mechansm comprising a pair of brake bands encircling each set of gears, said bands being fixed at one end, a shaft extending through the free ends of saidbands, and cams on said shaft for .tightening said bands, the cams adapted to act on the bands of any one pair being arranged at an angle of 180 toV each other. A

3. In a variable speed'ge'aring .having `a plurality of sets of gears,la brake mechanism comprising a pair of substantially semicircular brake bands encircling each set of gears, said bands being fixed at one end and vhaving overlapping free ends, a-,shaft eX- tending through the free ends of said bands, and cams on said shaft for tightening said bands, the cams adaptedV to act on the bands Y of any one pair being arranged at an angle',

of 180to each other.

4.. In a variable speed gearing havinga comprising a pair ofA substantially semi'- circular brakev bands encircling each set of 40 Vplurali'tyof sets of gears, a brake mechanism gears, said bands being fixed atV one end and4 having overlapping free ends, a shaft eXtend-' ing through the free'ends of said bands, and

cams on said shaft for tightening and releasj; ing each pair of bands in a predetermined l sequence in the course of a revolution of said shaft, saidl cams being in such mutual angular relation thatthe bands of one pair are released before the bands ofthe next pair are tightened.

In testimony whereofwe alix our signa' tures 1n presence of two'witnesses.'

l GUST. LINDN. ANDERS GUSTAF HOJER. v Witnesses: c

vPER ARoN. WIGELT, `MARIA SvnNssoN; 

